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PREPOSITIONS

Kata benda atau padan kata benda itu disebut objek :

* I put the book on the table. Saya menaruh buku di atas meja itu
* Kata on dalam kalimat tersebut ialah kata depan (preposisi).

ADJECTIVE

Adjectives are used to describe nouns. They give more details or information about the nouns they are associated with.

A: Tell me about your boyfriendB: Well, he is tall, dark, and handsome. A: Sounds like mine.

Adjectives can be used to answer the questions “What kind (of) ?” or “Which one?”

A: Hi. I’m calling about the car you’re selling?B: It’s a great car. (It’s) in excellent condition. A: What kind of seats does it have? B: They’re very comfortable seats, (soft, plush, just like a sofa.) A: Uh. I think I’ll sleep on it. A: Hand me a book. B: Which one do you want? A: The red book. The red one. Adjectives come before the nouns they modify (not after).

Three happy hippies lived in the Heartquake Hotel.WRONG: Three hippies happy lived in the Heartquake Hotel.

Adjectives can also be used with linking verbs to describe the subject of a sentence.
When used in this manner, the adjective(s) come after the linking verb.

My mother is tall and slender.WRONG: My mother tall and slender. (No linking verb.)

Seem, become, appear, and verbs of perceptioncan also be used as linking verbs. Note how they are used with adjectives in the following. Can you identify the linking verbs and the adjectives?

The journey seemed long. (It appeared strenuous and boring.)You smell nice today. What kind of cologne are you wearing? A: What do you want to do this weekend? Bowling? Shopping? A movie? B: Bowling sounds good. CAUTION/BE CAREFUL: Tom looked greedy. (He appeared to be a greedy person.) The adjective greedy is used to describe Tom. Tom looked greedily at the pie on the table. (He saw it and wanted it for himself.) The adverb greedily is used to describe Tom’s action.

Adjectives are the same for all nouns. They do not change for plurals.

NOUN

Kata benda atau dalam bahasa inggris disebut NOUNS adalah semua kata yang menunjukkan benda. Mengapa sih belajar bahasa inggris harus tahu kata benda segala? tidak langsung saja belajar berbicara, menulis atau bercakap-cakap?. Ya, sebenarnya langsung praktek juga bisa, namun dengan mengerti istilah-istilahnya, dengan mengerti bagaimana komponen tata bahasa digunakan maka bahasa inggris anda akan bertambah baik, bahkan untuk mengembangkan ketrampilan bahasa inggris secara mandiri pun akan terasa jauh lebih mudah jika anda menguasai hal ini. Belajar bahasa inggris dimanapun dan dengan siapapun atau membaca buku pelajaran bahasa inggris apapun akan terasa mudah bagi Anda nanti. Percayalah pada saya, karena saya telah mengalaminya.

MODALS

Semua auxiliary verbs "kecuali be, do dan have" disebut modals. Tidak seperti auxiliary verbs lainnya, modals juga berfungsi sebagai kata kerja Bantu dan tidak dapat berdiri sendiri. Perhatikan contoh-contoh Modals di bawah ini beserta fungsi dari Modals melalui contoh kalimat yang diberika


Can

* They can control their own budgets. (kemampuan/kemungkinan)
* Can I smoke here? (Minta Izin)
* Can you help me? (Permintaan)

Could

* Could I borrow your dictionary? (Minta Izin)
* Could you say it again more slowly? (Permintaan)
* We could try to fix it ourselves. (Saran)
* I think we could have another Gulf War. (Kemungkinan)
* He gave up his old job so he could work for us. (Kemampuan)

May

* May I have another cup of coffee? (Minta Izin)
* China may become a major economic power. (Kemungkinan)

Might

* They might give us a 10% discount. (Kemungkinan)

Must

* We must say good-bye now. (Keharusan)
* They mustn't disrupt the work more than necessary. (Larangan)

Ought to

* We ought to employ a professional writer. (Menyarankan)

Shall

(jarang dipakai di Amerika)

* Shall I help you with your luggage? (Menawarkan)
* Shall we say 2.30 then? (Menyarankan)
* Shall I do that or will you? (Meminta)

Should

* We should sort out this problem at once. (Menyarankan)
* I think we should check everything again. (Merekomendasikan)
* Profits should increase next year. (Prediksi tak tentu)

Will

* I can't see any taxis so I'll walk. (Keputusan Spontan)
* I'll do that for you if you like. (Menawarkan)
* I'll get back to you first thing on Monday. (Janji)
* Profits will increase next year. (Prediksi tak tentu)

Would

* Would you mind if I brought a colleague with me? (Minta Izin)
* Would you pass the salt please? (Permintaan)
* Would you mind waiting a moment? (Permintaan)
* "Would three o'clock suit you?" - "That'd be fine." (Mengatur)
* Would you like to play golf this Friday? (Mengundang)
* "Would you prefer tea or coffee?" - "I'd like tea please." (Merujuk)

Modal auxiliary verbs selalu diikuti oleh bentuk kata kerja pertama.

ACTIVE DAN PASSIVE VOICE

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Kalimat Aktif dan Kalimat Pasif
Kata kerja transitif mempunyai dua voice (ragam gramatikal), aktif dan pasif.
1) Bentuk aktif adalah orang, binatang, atau benda yang ditunjukkan oleh subjek dikatakan melakukan sesuatu pada yang lain